Archives: Glossary

Ahmed ⅲ (Hadzioglu Markets, 31. 1673 – Istanbul,?. Ⅵ 1736) – The Twenty-third Ottoman Sultan, who ruled (and Macedonia) 27 years (23. ⅷ 1703 – 1. ⅹ 1730). In his day, a rebellious state ruled, expressed by the Empire attacks in the empire. The Janissars were dissatisfied with the reforms and took it from the throne. Lit.: A. Matkovski, Resistance in Macedonia at the time of Turkish rule, ⅲ, Skopje, 1983. J. Yan.

Ahmed, Oktays (Octoshamd) (Skopje, 1967) – poet and scientist of Turkish nationality in the Republic of Macedonia. He graduated from the Faculty of Philology in Skopje. Master degree in 2001, and received his Ph.D. in 2004 in the field of Turkish linguistics. He is employed at the Faculty of Philology “Blaze Koneski” in Skopje with the title of docent. In addition to scientific and professional papers in the area of ​​Turkish language, among the affiliation, who and the textbook “Introduction of the Mocratic Ahmed Fair of Turkish language” 2008, has published the poetry book Symphony (1994). He is a member of the Macedonian DPM since 1995. Lit.: Macedonian writers, SK., 2004, 32. A. Ag.

Ahmedov, Mehmed (village Kocica, Shtip, 1918) – worker, fighter and social entity. He finished Turkish religious school in his native village. As a participant in NOVM (from August 1944), he was deputy commander of the battalion, and after the demobilization reserve captain of the JNA. After the liberation, he was a member, secretary and president of the North Board in Stip. As a worker at the factory “Makedonka” in Stip, he was a member of the Main Board of SSRNM. S. Ml. Ali Ahmeti

Ahmeti, Ali Ahmeti) (village Zajas, Kichevo, 4 ⅰ 1959) – Asylum, Supreme Commander of the NLA, leader of DUI, MP. A person with a controversial role in internal and internationally. Leader of the Student Movement in Kosovo (1981-1983); After political asylum received from Switzerland (1986) Coordinator of Kosovo / Albanian groups; Leader of student-mining protests in Kosovska Mitrovica (1988-1989) against the Milosevic regime and chief organizer of the protests of the Albanian diaspora in Europe (1989-1990); Commander in the Kosovo Liberation Army in the Kosovo War (1999); The Supreme Commander of NLA (2001), which in June 2001. The United States was officially declared a terrorist organization, and Ahmeti placed on the blacklist of persons with banned entry into the United States (later in Switzerland and other European countries); accused of the judicial authorities of the Republic of Macedonia for committed war crimes in the Republic of Macedonia in 2001, chairman of the Democratic Union for Integration (from 2002); MP in the Assembly of the Republic of Macedonia (2002-2006; 2006-). Lit.: Yeen-Martz Balenti, Arnaud de La Grand, L’Orientsklopoperie Des Atturs, Tonflectz, Violalces Poljustess, Paris, 2001. St. w. and T. Petr. Gafur Xhabir Ahmeti.

Ahmeti, Gafur Xhibir (Gafur Jhabir Ahmeti) (village P’Resevce, Tetovo, 29th ⅹ 1945) – writer, publicist and translator. Primary education ended in the birthplace, Teacher School in Tetovo, and then graduated from the Albanian language group and literature at the Faculty of Philology in Skopje. Worked as a journalist in c. “Flaka is a yellowzerimith”, and then as a correspondent of “Rilindia” in Pristina. Employee of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Republic of Macedonia. He writes prose, novels and plays. Translates from Albanian to Macedonian and vice versa. BIB.: Stems of a tree, 1982; In addition to the words of the song, short stories 1989; Again returned, 1977; Passardchësit is Katit; Translation: M. Fotev, descendants on the floor; Flowers in the Iron, Roman, 1984; Two plays, 1979. A. P.

Ahmeti, Lindita Jabir (Lindita Jhabir Ahmeti) (Prizren, 1974) – Poetess. After the elementary school (1986) and the gymnasium in Tetovo, since 1998. She studied the classic philology group at the Faculty of Philosophy in Skopje. He lives and works in Skopje. BIB.: Raspberry and Blues, 1993; Island Adular, 1996; Stone Moon, 1998; Christmas, 2000; Blue Dream, 2002. N. S.

Aidic folk songs. – Cycle epic folk songs that pull the feats and events of the life of the Aiduti. They appeared as a folk poetic expression towards the Ajdutic movement, so reflect the protest against social injustices and the aspirations for freedom. In them, the Eythuts are presented as fighters against Ottoman calshipers. Especially in ⅹⅰⅹ c., With epic idealization, the character of the Aiduuts primarily as courageous antiosemal fighters and heroes, durable, ICP, always ready to submit the most severe tortures. This cycle is one of the most numerous in our folk epic, and apart from individual songs for individuals, some of them also have entire groups of songs. The basic motive of the song is the martial fate of the Aiduuts, their aspirations for freedom and free life, individual feats, but above all personal self-acquisitions of the Peaceful Everyday life: “The Robber House does not, / house is the mountain. / Robamy father does not, / father is a thin rifle. / Robber mother does not, / mother is sharp saber. / The robber brothers will not, / brothers are chip guns. ” Particularly impressive are the poetic descriptions of the Selection of Duke, preparations for combat, mutual hero’s competitions, hero’s death, faithful friendship and self-sacrifice. The most popular IDuti are their dukes: Santa Iljo (Markov-Maleshevski) from Berovo, Karaman from Ohrid, Jane Pletikosa, Chavdar Duke, Spiro black, Gjorgjia lam, Petre Magarch, Bogdan Zarovara, Strahil Duke, and others. With special love, the characters of Women-centy are released: Sirma Duke (from the village. Tresonce), Rush Duke (in the Osogovo Mountains), Bojana, Bosille, Grape, Guca, Elena, Blooming, etc. They are represented as the heroes flat of men in abilities and heroic feats, including in the skillful handling of weapons. Lit.: Ephraim Karanov, Rumena-Fireja, Okay of Osogovo Mountains, Sophage, 1886; D. Dobrev, Macedonian in the folk songs, “Macedonian Misal”, ⅱ, 5-6, Sophage, 1947; Vasil Iljoski, folk summer songs, “literary word”, no. 1, Skopje, 1954; Kiril Penakliski, Red are Bajak divorce. People’s fighting songs, Skopje, 1965. S. Ml. Ayduuti on a poultry, engraving

Ajdinski, Ljubomir (Ljupco) Eftimov (Novo Selo, Strumica, 28. ⅳ 1930) – Special educational, university professor and humanist. He finished the philosophical facility in Skopje (pedagogy) and special education studies in a white city. He received his doctorate to the special education sciences (Belgrade, 1980). Full professor at the Faculty of Rehabachetis in Belgrade (until 1992) and the Faculty of Philosophy in Skopje (Institute of Special Education and Rehabilitation, 1993-2000). He published over 120 expert-scientific papers and 15 books and textbooks. The integral approach system in the rehabilitation of the mentally retarded persons in our country and one of the founders of the special education studies at the Faculty of Philosophy in Skopje. He was the Republic Assistant Secretary of Health and Social Policy and Delegate of the Federal Council of the Federal Assembly of the SFRY (1985-1992). BIB.: Integral rehabilitation of mentally retarded children, 1982; Fundamentals of Specialized Theory and Practice, 1999; 50 years of protection, rehabilitation, education and education of persons with disabilities in the Republic of Macedonia, 2000, etc. Lit.: V. Andreevski, a man with a noble work – prof. Dr. Ljupco Ajdinski, Skopje, 2003. K. Camb.

Aiga – the first capital of the Macedonian kings of the Argeadi dynasty, located in the day. с. Palateza, in the surroundings of Ber (Borhoia). The site is confirmed by the latest archaeological findings of the Royal Necropolis in Vergina (Kutles) near Ber (the members of the Royal House were buried here and after transferring the capital into Pella). AGA is Lit.: Justini, Historiaum Piilepzum; Edge Turno Pompeiio, Lib. Julk, Parisiis Mdczzjdii; N. L. D. Hammond, chistoras of Mac Eddonia and, Odford, 1971; M. Andronikos, Vergina, pla Rosal Tombs And An Indutor, ATHIEN, 1984; Justin, Filip’s history. Prev. L. BASOP, Skopje, 2000. A. Shook.

Air pressure in the Republic of Macedonia – the pressure that the air performs with its weight on the Earth surface. The air pressure depends on the altitude and the presence of water vapor in the air. Normal air pressure is determined at each point of the atmosphere with the mass of the air pillar that lies above 2, with a basis that is 1 cm set at the sea level, at 45 ° C., at a temperature of 0 ° C and normal Field of weight of weight and is 760 mm or 1.013 MB. The measurement indicators for air pressure for all measuring points in Macedonia are published in meteorological annuals. Lit.: Mihailo Zikov, Meteorology and Climatology, Skopje, 2000; Joseeph Moran, Mitzhael Morgan, Meteorologist, Nanj Zork-London, 1989. M. Z.

Air temperature in Macedonia. Teeringly cold and wet winter. The most important Faculty of Philosophy, 1932-1939), Willy- Tem-Laden Month is January, and a tendency James, Immanuel Kant, René the air platform is conditioned for leveling temperature-dectent, John Stewart Mill, Fridod Maritime influence The documents exists in the high plare of Nietzsche, etc. Anka from the nearby Aegean Sea after low landscapes in February. The valley of the r. Vardar and Strumes – The average annual temperature of the BIB.: The basics of a new university (co-author), 1975; Open University, after the high mountain prevval-air ranges from 14 ° C in New Tet, 1993; Mito Hadzi Vasilev – Jasmine, the river valleys between Plan-Dojran, 6.7 ° C in Lazaropole and 0.5 ° C 1997; Ethics, 1998; Ethics Today, 1999 Network Korab and Jablanica and Dolly-on Thessalonial Head. Temperature (of Bulgarian 2006); Louis Armstrong – the River Black Drim in de-in the air with height falls, and MoD, 2000; Ethics for young, 2001, (on the Serbian valley and Continental and from the south to the north. Isotherms 2004); Ethical Dictionary, 2001, 2004; The main influence of the great and high of 14 ° С passes south of de-ethics for the youngest, 2002; Ethics for children, 2005; Ethics for ⅱ class gymnasium, Key Mountains. Temperature of peace Kapija, isotherm of 13 ° C after2004, 2005; Ethics for ⅲ class gymnasium, air is conditioned and from local-passes a little over Veles, and ister2004, 2005; Philosophy for ⅳ class gymnasium factors. The summer period is 12 ° P to Skopje. Hope (co-author), 2005, 2006; Business and profile with the highest tempe in Macedonia according to stomach ethics, 2006. Aircraft in all measurement tour characteristics can lie: Faculty of Philosophy in Skopje: Places, and the winter period with the relief, the following regions are allocated: 1920-1946- 2006, Skopje, 2006, 294. V. Panz. Measurement and ⅱ ⅲ ⅳ ⅵ ⅶ ⅷ ⅸ ⅹ ⅹⅰⅰ Middle. Station Year. Berovo -1.5 0.2 3.6 8.3 13.0 16.0 16.0. 1.5 4.2 8.6. 22.5 24.9 24.1 20.1 14.1 8.9 4.7 14.0 D. Kapija 1.6 4.6 8.5, 13.5. 23.0 19.2 13.7 8.1 2.8 12.9. Palanka -0.6 1.2 5.0 9.9 14.3.4.18.8. 1.4 5.6 10.4 13.6 16.0 15.5 12.2 7.8 3.4 -0.5 6.7 N. Dojran 3.4, 5.2 8.2. 23.2 .5 18.7 12.7. 7.2. 2.6 12.3 Resen. -1.2 1.8 6.5. S. (Period 1961 & 1990) Cartographic display of the geographical schedule of the thermal regime in the Republic of Macedonia The first temperature region covers MM. New Dojran, Gevgelija, Demir Kapija and Veles. They have the average annual air temperature of 16.2 ° C. The second temperature region occupies MM. Ergelija, Stip, Kocani, Radovish, Strumica, Skopje and Kumanovo. They are with an average annual air temperature of 13 to 12 ° C, isotherm of 13 ° leads to Veles and Kocani, the number of tropical days is from 110- 130, and the secondaryentian temperatures range from 2.1-2, 8 ° C. December is with medium temperatures above 3 ° C and gives them a feature of many warm areas. The third climatic region occupies: Pelagonia, the Kicevo valley, Polog, Ohridstruits and the Boat valley. The average air temperature is from 10 to 11 ° C. Temperature amplitudes are more pronounced, the number of tropical days is below 30 days, the medium-year air temperatures are below 0 ° C, and the winter conditions are retained in March. Summer temperatures are about 20 ° C, thus having a continental character. Certain deviations registered Ohrid-Struga and Prespa valley under the influence of aquatic object. The fourth temperature region covers the Berovo-Delcevska and Prespa valley with pro-century air temperatures of 8.6-9.5 ° C. Winter temperatures are below 0 ° C, the Centralian sub-1 ° C, and the summer temperatures below 19 ° C. The number of calls at absolutely minimum temperatures large. The mountainous areas are characterized by short summers, fresh and cold winters. In anti-communications, the mountains have sunny and warm winter time. Rainlessness of temperature is smaller, and the daily temperature with height is declining. The minimum temperatures of the highest mountains appear in February, and the maximum are in August. Lit.: Mihailo Zikov, Climate and Climate Regionalization in the Republic of Macedonia, “Geographic reviews”, no. 30, Skopje, 1995; Angel Lazarevski, Climate in Macedonia – The air temperature in SR Macedonia, “Geographic reviews”, kn. 7, Skopje, 1969. M. Z.

Airports in the Republic of Macedonia. In the Republic of Macedonia, international airports in Skopje (“Alexander the Great”) are functioning in Ohrid (“St. Paul”), the sports airports Stenkovec, Ageipe, Konjari, Logovards and Sushevo, the Agricultural Airports Pesorovo, Karato, City, Red Shorela , “Dame Gruev” and Logovard (with concrete PSP), Mezdra, Lacavica, ship, clachevci and vabacevo (grassy PSP), Petrovec, Ebeplija (Plachkovica), Ponikva, Galichnik and Jasenovo (expanding the road), as well as War airports in annual, Gorno Field, Vitolishte, Gutenovo, Eagle and Karatmanovo. Possible (registered) airports are in Strumica, Bitola, Ovce Pole, Domin Dol and Romanovce, and helicoms are Solunska head, Jarbino, Military Hospital in Skopje and all barracks of the ARM. C. ST.

AMDER, AGA, AIDAY, LAMY. (Tour. Eyerha). – Demon-scale play in the form of a glorified Snemjiko monster living in lakes and deep wires, in the hollow trees and caves, with extremely negative properties. His female form is the lam. The beliefs appear only in animal form, and in the people, it is also a man. His origin is associated with the transformation of centenary figs or dragons in demonic beings: a body with fish decoction, with one or more canine or horse heads (from three to forty), great hair, jaws, teeth, and tongue, four legs, sharp nails, Large wings, tail, with a lacquer and bloodthirsty character and an opportunity to throw fire and flame from the eyes and mouth. It is considered a non-violent creature, reflected in public proverbs and proverbs. In some beliefs he is the head of the snakes, causes an eclipse with an attack on the sun, implements the city clouds, etc. It is believed that only St. George with the spear and St. Elijah with the thunder. In that escape from the danger, it can be concealed in the desire of the harvesters (Poreche). Lit.: Tanas Detjinovski, People’s demonology of Macedonians, Skopje-Prilep, 1995, 47-51; The same, folk mythology of the Macedonians, REC. 1, Skopje-Prilep, 1998, 188-193. S. Ml.

Ajalarski, Vasil Stoyanov (village. As a trained committee (from spring 1903), he took part in the Ilinden Uprising. Later, Skopje Duke and participated in several struggles with the Ottoman army in Skopje and Kumanovo (1905). After the Young Turk Revolution (1908), it was legalized in Skopje, supporting the Sandans and federalists and was especially popular in the midst of Skopje citizenship. He was killed on the domestic port of ambush authorities. His funeral turned into a large democratic demonstration, and the killer stalemate was hanged in the Stone Bridge. Lit.: Z. Petrov, under “V” – Dujnics Macedonian. Who and what is “hiding” behind the names of the Skopje streets? (IV), “Nova Makedonija”, Julvi, 15580, Skopje, 10. ⅵ 1990, 5. S. Ml. Ilija Adzievski, Remembrance (1996)

Ajanovski-Father, Vangel (Voden, 5. ⅱ 1909 – Skopje, 19. 1996) – a member of the Macedonian national movement (NOD) in the Aegean part of Macedonia. In the period between the two world wars he was a member of the CPG, in 1941. He was Secretary of the Royonal Committee of the CPG for Voden. In 1942 In Voden he founded and managed Mao. In 1945 In Voden, he founded and managed Tomo and Minister of the NOF District Committee for Vodensko. In 1946- 1949 He was organizational secretary of NOF Main Board for Aegean Macedonia. After 1949 He lived and worked in the NR Macedonia. He is the author of the labor “Aegean Storm” (1975). Lit.: Aegean Macedonia in NOB 1948, C, Skopje, 1981 (Reduction Ph.D. Kirjazovski and F. Butzkova-Martinova). ST. KIS.

Ajanovski, Georgi (Voden, Greece, 25. ⅱ 1941) – a journalist graduated journalism in Skopje. In the period 1962-1966 He was associate and then editor in c. “Vecer”, “Journal” and “Nova Makedonija”. Permanent Correspondent from Moscow (1979/83). The editor-in-chief of “Nova Makedonija” (1989-1995) and Deputy Director General of the NIP “Nova Makedonija” (1996). Founder and director of the daily “Macedonia Today” and weekly “Today” (since 2001). Publicist papers: “Mark Ginova”, “Siberian years of Kraseny”, “Recognition of Macedonia”, “Battle for Democracy”. He is a member of the DPM (1974), author of the novel “Vanni”. B. P. F. Vangel Ajanovsky.

Ajanovski, Tasho (Mimi) Ristov (Voden, 6. 1908 – Skopje, 8. ⅳ 1978) – National Political Deper and Fighter. After joining the labor movement (1928), he was the president of the Model Union in Voden (1932), a participant in the anti-fascist war (1941), organizer and manager of the Military Organization of Military Organization (Protection of People’s Fighters) in the city (1943). At the time of the Civil War in Greece, NOF’s political commissioner in Vodenska (from July 1946), organizational (from December 1946) and political secretary of the NOF District Committee for Vodenska (from March 1948), as well as member of the main Board of New of the Aegean part of Macedonia (from January 1948). Lit.: Vangel Ajanovski-Father, Aegean storms. Revolutionary movement in Vodensko and NOF in Aegean Macedonia, Skopje, 1975. S. Ml. The capital of the first Macedonian king Perdiccas (707 / 6-659 BC), so as to Archelaus ⅰ (413- 399 BCE), which bases a new capital in Pella (day. Postel ). In the Amphitheater Philip ⅱ, the king of Macedonians and Hegemon of the Helleni, organize (336. Eg. In Aiga, a palace, a building for ceremonies and celebrations, with dimensions 104.50 x 88.5 m, with a patio surrounded by 60 pillars. In the necropolis, the large mound (with diameter 110 m and a height of 12 m) with more monumental royal tombs; The grave ⅱ of the great tumulus is likely to Philip ⅱ; The grave form in the form of Mound (Tumulus) is characteristic and typical of the Macedonian way of burial from the Iron time (tumules in ⅹ c. BC in Vergina); Many artifacts have been found in the graves since ⅵ c. BCE, throne, sarcophagus of marble with sun rosette (most common symbol of ancient Macedonians), frescision (on the facade of the tomb – Philip ⅱ and Alexander are shown in hunting scene), etc. In addition to the royal tombs, temples dedicated to the rulers were found, such as the temple of Philip ⅱ (he built Alexander, according to Pseudo-Kalisten) or the temple of Amyn. ⅲ. Aiga, the first capital of the Macedonian Argeta Kings

Akaki – Jeromonk and Abbot (peaceful name Joaniki), the founder of the monastery church “St. Nicholas “in the village. Monastery (Mariovo). Abbot became in 1261 In 1266 At the place of the older he built a new beautiful church. In 1271 enabled the church to be frescoed, through the mediation of the deacon John, probably the same person with the deacon Jovan Pediasim (referent to the Ohrid Archbishopric). The Kettle Jeromonk Aacaki is painted with the model of the church in his hands, as led by St. Nicholas, the patron of the church, gives the Church of Jesus Christ .: D. Coco – P. Miljkovic-ash, Monastery, Skopje, 1958; F. Barishi, two Greek inscriptions by Manast and Strong, “Proceedings Radova Wanzatolical Institute”, 8/2, Belgrade, 1964, 13-27; C. J. -Uniћ, Byzantication Freske U Yugoslavians, Belgrade, 1974; Z. Rasolkoska-Nikolovska, the metrical portrait in the wall painting in Macedonia, the civilizations of the soil of Macedonia, MANU, Skopje, 1995. Z. R.-

Akimovski, Radovan (village Bogomila, Veles, 25. ⅴ 1922 – Skopje, 1992) – Full professor at the Faculty of Forestry in Skopje, specialist for forest transport means. He graduated from the Faculty of Forestry in Belgrade (1949), and then he was appointed as an assistant at the Faculty of Agriculture in Skopje. He received his PhD at the High School School in Vienna (1961). Published numerous scientific and professional papers. He performed more social, scientific and professional functions (besides others, dean of the Faculty of Forestry and Projector at the Skopje University). Al. And.

Akindine, Gregory (Prilep, OK 1300 – OK 1348) – Medieval Theologian and philosopher. He was educated in Thessaloniki, where he acquired a solid education from ancient philosophy and literature. He met St. Gregory Palamas and expressed his desire to introduce him to the monastic spiritual practice. In 1332 In Thessaloniki he met Varlam, the main opponent of St. Gregory Palamas. Up to 1341. He was a mediator between them. Backed by Patriarch John Kalekas, Akin-Din Suddened by criticism of Varlaham’s Tract. “Against Mesaliani”. The civil war began open and sharp criticism of the hesychastic method for which Palamas was committed. The church council in 1352 (smoothly) was anathemisan. He is the author of several texts. In “anti erethics” attacks the basic idea of ​​the monks hesychasts. Akindin advocates the thesis that God can call man only through symbols, and among God’s essence, God’s energy does not have a difference. Lit.: V. Stojchevska-Antic, Akindin in the South Slavic manuscript tradition, “articles”, IV, 1, MANU, 1979, 35-59; C. Georgieva, Byzantine philosophy, Skopje, 2001. V. Mr.-P.

ACTA (Skopje, 28. ⅶ 1953 – 1995) – Magazine, body of the Natural History Museum of Macedonia. He published articles in the field of geate and taxonomy, biogeography and ecology of the flora and fauna of Macedonia and other parts of the Balkan Peninsula. The first editorial was made: Hans Em, Peter T. Iconomov, Rocco Vukovic and Stanko Karaman. The first number separately published labor “Types of phlebotominomin in Skopje” by Jordankanka V. Koppryoska. By 1995 A total of 19 volumes with 159 separates were published. K. God.

Aladza – mosque in Tetovo. c. Painted (Aladza) mosque.

Alainezi. – beliefs of illness in young children up to six weeks, caused by a ritual unclean woman (from a menstrual cycle or sexual intercourse), also known as Murcharlak (Eastern Macedonia) and Brut (Southern Macedonia). It is believed that children are protected if the woman recognizes her condition, otherwise blisters appear on his head. For protection, various amulets were used, and the treatment was carried with bathing with Easter (Lord) egg. Lit.: Stephen Tansê, Serbian folk customs U-Creatiah Kazi, the HEB “Life and customary folk,” Jl, Kj. 16, Ethnographic Institute, Ska, Belgrade-Zemun, 1927, 108; Glossary of the folk mythology of the Macedonians. Editor Tanas Detjinovski, Skopje, 2002, 36. S. Ml.

Alajajkov, Lazarus (village Smokvica, Gevgelija, 17. ⅲ 1918) – Agronomic, Regular Prof. At the Faculty of Agricultural Sciences and Food in Skopje. The gymnasium ended in Kragujevac, Yugoslavia (1937/1938). He graduated from the Faculty of Agriculture in Sofia (1942). After graduation he worked as Agronomus in Berovo and Bujanovac, and then at the Agricultural Institute in Skopje, where he is the head of the Gardening Department (1945-1954). He received his doctorate at the Faculty of Agronomy in Zagreb (1961) on the topic: “Neke of Master Primary Rajchice (L. Esculetum Mille.)”. He was elected professor at the Faculty of Agriculture in Skopje (1954) and then for an extraordinary and regular professor. He retired in 1982 Specializations: At the Institute of Vegetable Crops in Plovdiv, Bulgaria (1948), in the Netherlands and England (1958) and Italy (1966). He was a mentor of several domestic and foreign PhD students and masters. He participated in several scientific symposiums in the country and abroad. He has published numerous scientific and professional papers in the field of gardening. D. J.