Archives: Glossary

Wesleevski-shepherd, Naum (s. He was a member of the SCOY (1941) and the CPY (1942) and one of the organizers of the NOAVM: Deputy commander of the NOOP “Dame Gruev” (1942), commander of the first but Battalion “Mirce Acev” (18. 1943), political commissar In the third Macedonian Nawb (March – 6. 1944), Commander of the Second Macedonian Nawb (25. – 25. IX 1944), commander of the forty-first (Macedonian) division of Nova (25. IX 1944 Naum Wesleevski- 1945) and commander of the eighth (Macedonian) division of prince (1945). He was a participant at the first session of ASNOM. After the liberation, he completed the Military Academy “Frunze” in Moscow (1945-1947), and after returning, the commander of the third drain division was returned. Suspect about the resolution of the Informbiro, West in a psychological crisis and tragically ended at the Malior Hospital “Bardovci”. Open is in a folk song. AM: “Newsletter of New and Poj,” Yves, 44-45, Poljay, September-October 1944; Avions, Belgrade, K. 240, Reg. no. 1-2 / 4 and 1-16/4; Proceedings nor, t. Ⅶ, kn. 2, 91 and 168. Lit.: Golotic testimonials. Persons and destinies. Texts-editorial Dimche Next, book second, Skopje, 2002, 103-108. S. Ml.

West, Rebecca (1892-1983) – English writer with rich novelist opus and a stormy biography, filled with turbulent love adventures and affairs. Author of a book about the Balkans, for Yugoslavia and Macedonia and a kind of diary and travelogue “Black Lamb and Gray Falcon” (1941). The English author traveled to the Balkans to better understand the tensions and conflicts in this region. He came to Yugoslavia three times (1936, 1937 and 1938) and all these visits were translated into the novel for the Black Lamb. The book encounters a great reception, called the path of the pathopis; Reissued and translated, the book demolves all barriers and distances and finds a wide reception. This book is a historical, archaeological and political analysis of the most attractive Balkan country, with many comments on folklore, customs, landscapes, crystallized views on religion, people, art, myths and love. In the sections that are dedicated to Macedonia, the author is impressed by cultural heritage and rituals. Unforgettable are the pages through which the secretis for the sheepfield is deciphered. D. T. The daily newspaper “Vest” Vest “- an independent daily informative-political newspaper. The first number came out on July 5, 2000. Publisher: DNID “Mirror”. Founders: “Fersped”, Goran Mihajlovski and Doncho Mirchev. In 2003 The majority share of ownership was redeemed by German publishing Concern WAC. Editor-in-chief Goran Mihajlovski. B. P. F. Veterinary Institute, Skopje

Western Balkans – geographical and political determinant, for the first time defined at the Vienna EU summit (11-12. Ⅻ 1998), covers R Macedonia, R Croatia, R Serbia, R. Montenegro, R Bosnia and Herzegovina and R Albania – Unstable European countries With identical or similar needs requiring group, regional treatment by the EU through a consequential institutional framework in which the Stabilization and Association Process is conducted. Not.: UE.Eu. Orient / UESCS / CMS_D / DOC / Distribution / EC / EC / EC / 00300-R1.HPM. T. Petr.

Western Slavic languages ​​-. branch from the Slavic language family. The ancestors of today’s bearers in the West Slavic languages ​​after the dissolution of the Prezzlement linguistic community went to the northwest of the assumed Pravato and took the territory along the River and Laba (GERM. Elbe). This territory over the centuries decreased due to German expansion to the east. For one of the West Slavic dialects, the Palpan (between Oder and Laban to the Baltic), today we learn from the toponyms and the old monuments of ⅹⅴⅰⅰⅰ c. The language died because his bearers were completely germanized. The territory of Dolno and the upper of the old polar territory is drastically reduced dramatically. Today Luzhacans live in a small, not very compact enclave in East Germany. On the other hand, in the West Slavic territory, two Slavic standard languages ​​were formed with the longest written tradition – Czech (ⅹⅰⅰⅰ c.) And the Polish (ⅹⅳ c.). Today the West Slavic Language Community has four standard languages: Polish, Czech, Slovak and (Upper) crushes. Attempts for codification and implementation of the Cashuk Standard, but due to the large dialectable differentiation of the Casholf territory (in northwestern Polish to the Baltic), these processes encounter many obstacles. Also, the Russian standard is not done, i.e. Standard variant of a group of dialects with an Eastern Base based on which the Ukrainian dialect is impressed. Lit.: S. Ivsic, Slavic Garden Grammar, Zagreb 1970; R. Nahtigal, Slavic Jesiki, Lyubljanna, 1952; Z. Vieber, Zarsh of the Greensy Portnnzhej J & ZSKNA Szonjiavcch, NAAs, 1989; A. Waillance, Grammair Tsparée Des Langoes Slaves, Ib, Paris 1950-1974. Z. T.

Wettu (Falzo) – Small predatory birds of the Falconid family (Falzondida), of which in Macedonia meet: ordinary wind or Kerkenez (Falzo Tinnunzulus), steppe or small wind (Falzo Naumani) and evening or redness of Wetternus (Falzo Vespinus). Lit.: Bibdos Inn Euroope: Population Estimates, Trends and Conservantion status. Tsambird, “Bird Lofe International Conservantion Smeis”, 12, Tsamridge, 2004; C. Harrison, an Atlas off Teke Bards of Tekester Palaierztitz, Vulner, 1982. St. P. – V. Sid. The first evening newspaper in Macedonia “Vecer”

Wheat (grain) (trititezum SP. L.) – Basic grain culture for bread production around the world. About 70% of the world’s population feeds bread. It is considered one of the oldest plants that the man began to cultivate, and thus leaves the nomadic way of life. The main product is the grain for the production of flour for the highest quality bread. The wheat grain is rich in proteins, carbohydrates, wheat fats and vitamins, especially from the stamp, as well as significant compounds for the human organism (calcium, phosphorus, magnesium and iron). The proteins are highless. The only case when the bread and processes of wheat flour are forbidden is the disease ciliacia, an allergic reaction to the gluten. For such sick, through a special technological procedure, flour without glutenion is produced. The stub is particularly important for the nutrition of people. Wheat has wide application in animal husbandry. For the Republic of Macedonia, it is a significant agricultural culture because it is based on the nutrition of the population, and has an impact in other economic branches: the millary, bakery, piano, pharmaceutical, confectionery, the manufacturing industry of dextrin, alcohol, etc. The winter wheat is grown up to 60 ° C.G. Apart from horizontally, in Europe it is grown up to 1,700 m NV, and in Asia to 4,000 m asg. It is one of the most widespread crops in the world, it is grown at 215,272,000 ha. In our country and yield vary. In 2000 There were 121,103 ha, with an average yield of 2,472 kg / ha grain. In 1995 In the Republic of Macedonia, there were the most surfaces under wheat (130.092 ha) and the highest average yield of grain (2,930 kg / ha). Wheat needs for nutrition of the population in our country moving about 160 kg / capita per year or about 330,000 t per year. The sowing is made from October 20 to November 10, with 500-600 missed grains of one M2. The collection is machine, with komber. If the seed is wetter of 14%, it is delivered and stored. P. Iv.

Turbb of Ashik-Pasha Celebe (Gazi Baba) (Skopje, on the hill Gazi Baba, ⅹⅴⅰ c.) – a place where the poet and Life-Rat Ashik Celebi with real name Mehmed Ali El Natoi, known as Gazi Baba or Kadi Baba . He died as Kadija of Skopje (1571/1572). Updated towards the end of ⅹⅰⅹ c. Decreased by the 1963 earthquake Lit.: Krum Tomovski, an overview of the more significant turbines in Macedonia, Proceedings of the Technical Faculty 1957/58, Skopje, 1957/58; Salih Asim, History of Skopje and its surroundings. Translation and comments Dr. Dragi Gorgiev, Skopje, 2005. Dr. F.

Warmers (the fat-flaglle) – Everved. The basic hallmark of this class is the presence of whips (Flaggulums) with Chi-the assistance moving. The shape of the body in different types is different (from spindle to ball) and depends on the speed of them, the notable movement and conditions in which they live. After-the-already species multiply unspoil (with simple division), but there are species that multiply sexually (Volvida). The most famous representative is the Green EU, Verridis L.). Lit.: Jonce Sapkarev, Zoology of invertebrate animals, Skopje, 1991. V. T. K. – M. Cr.

White Paper on Terrorism of NLA -. Book of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of the Republic of Macedonia on the Terrorism of the “Liberation National Army” of the Albanian minority in Macedonia in the period from 22. ⅰ to 10. ⅷ 2001. and chronology of events of 1. ⅱ 2001 to 11. ⅰ 2002 The book contains a list of the dead and injured police members at the time of armed actions, a list of the dead and injured elders and soldiers of the ARM, a list of murdered and injured civilians in the NLA terrorist attacks, a list of physically attacked and tortured citizens by Members of the NLA, as well as a list of kidnapped people from the NLA. It also includes an overview of the terrorist attacks and provocations of the NLA in the period from 11th to 10. ⅷ 2001, a number of photographs from which the criminal acts of NLA, as well as 11 criminal charges against the leaders of NLA, submitted by side of the Ministry of Interior. The White Paper was issued in order for the evidence of the crimes of what to be made available to the bodies and bodies of the international community. Exhibition: White Paper – Terrorism of the so-called. Liberation National Army, Skopje, 2002. Lit.: Ljube Boskovski, my struggle for Macedonia, Skopje, 2004. St. w.

Bell Terror – State Terror after the division of Macedonia (1913), when the Balkan monarchies carried out a policy of a fierce terror against the Macedonian population. The Macedonian name and the Macedonian language were forbidden and persecuted, as well as any public expression of the Macedonian ethnic awareness (language, traditions and folk customs). Various terrorist organizations (“Greek-Macedonian fist”, “Association against Bulgarian Bandits”) terrorized the Macedonian population to accept the denationalization and assimilation or emigrate. In the Vardar part of Macedonia, Serbian authorities also conducted state terror against the Macedonian people with an excuse to fight the VMRO. In the Aegean part of Macedonia, the Greek authorities carried out a policy of ethnic genocide over the Macedonian population. Based on the Convention on “voluntary eviction”, 86,000 Macedonians were forcedly expelled in Bulgaria. Strong pressure was carried out for eviction and other Macedonian population (tragedy in the village. Trlis, 1924). The Greek state of terror culminated in the period of metaxasis dictatorship (1936-1940), when 5,000 Macedonians, due to the use of the Macedonian language, were sent after Greek prisons and camps. In the Pirin part of Macedonia, VMRO with liquidations was calculated with its political opponents. In the period of the Second World War, the policy of terror against the Macedonian population continued. In the Aegean and Vardar part of Macedonia, supporters of the Macedonian national and anti-fascist movement were persecuted. In the period of the civil war in Greece (1946-1949), the policy of white terror of the Greek state culminated: more than 20,000 Macedonians lost their lives, and terror was carried on the civilian population (the tragedy in the village. B’Mbooki and Zagorican); 60,000 (between them and 20,000 children) were forced to emigrate to Eastern European countries. In the Pirin part of Macedonia, after the abolition of cultural autonomy (1948), the prosecution policy continued. And in the NRM, the authorities performed certain types of repression on political opponents and opponents (“autonomists”, “nationalists” or “Informs”). Lit.: S. Acidenovski, Greek colonization in Aegean Macedonia (1913-1940), Skopje, 1981; HR. Andonovski, the truth about Aegean Macedonia, Skopje, 1971. St. KIS.

White-Macedonian, Baron Kostadin Aleksandrov (village Blaza, Aegean part of Macedonia, 7. ⅱ 1772 – Vienna, Austria,?) – Macedonian patriot, benefactor. Due to Albanian violence, the rich father Alexander with the family moved to Constantinople and 1802. He was close to the Vlach prince J. Karadah, so they moved to Bucharest, and the Already the Tamed Kostadin shifted to Vienna, where he remained for the end of life. For the noble works he did, the Emperor Foseph ⅱ received the title Baron. As a great Macedonian patriot, he gave his rich library with the newly established teachers in New Pella. At 9. ⅻ 1835 signs a testament, which expresses his respect for almost liberated Greece and, “besides I was born in Macedonia,” his property is given in Athens “to withstand a number of clinics in which to treat Macedonians sick of any disease” And those hospital places can be called “beds of the sick protectors of Baron Kostadin White-Macedonian”. He was proposed for an honorary citizen of Athens, and a church and school was built in the new settlement of New Pella, which gave its rich library, with a personal message: “When Macedonia reaches such a degree of development to create their own schools, then the municipal The advice of New Pella is obliged to give the books to the public in Macedonia. ” B. He became a member of the founder and donor of an educational company and was the initiator for establishment and archaeological society in Athens. Then he signed the Bavarian Government’s Framework, from whose interest “to give a scholarship of two young Macedonians for 6 years to study at the Min-Hen Academy. The scholars were called “the adopted sons of Mr. White” and were required “to love and respect our dear, ever glorious, homeland Macedonia”. Later, this fund was transferred from Bavaria to Greece and on the basis of the purchased 85 shares of the National Bank were scholarships from the Special “Commission for Accommodation of Macedonians from the residency of K. White. ” Of 1850 The Commission scholarshiped more than two scholars, until 1908. The number of scholars students was “354 young Macedonians”. Probably with the funds from that scholarship studied in Athens and Grigor Prlicev, who in his “autobiography” states that in 1849. In Athens there was a “rich breading of a rich Macedonian, a resident of Blac, is called Veljo, who was intended exclusively for the scholarships of the poor Macedonians.” For this already “the more Macedonians Baron Kostadin white” will be in January 1892. Revocation of the SP. “Loza” that 54 years ago, a patriotic appeal sent to his compatriots, in which he rebuked them: “And in the last minutes, stressful of the village, we die, we die, and the homeland, our sweetness of us is not dressed for SM “RTA, Ni Traur, NITO P” KE prayers of the rest of the rest of them are accompanied by us: The Fatherland Unrescribed Kato Missed Cheddy for the Husband, Katoski and Hearts with Dumi: Mahni is from me, freaking! And the offspring of the OSA ” Lit.: Μακεδονικον ημερολογιον, εν αθη- ναζ, 1909, ειορ γ “, 19-36; Grigor Prlicev, selected pages, Skopje, 1959, 194; “Loza”, and, 1, Sofia, 1892, and; Blaze Ristovski, Krste P. Misirkov (1874-1926), Skopje, 1966, 108-109; The same, Macedonian Chronicle. Gains of literary and national topics, Skopje, 1993, 107-108. Bl. R. Julia Beljeeva.

White, Irfan (Irfan White) (Skopje, 1954) – Artist in Turkish drama at the theater of the nationalities in Skopje. Now he lives and works in Denmark. It is also a poet and dram-ski author. He is a member of the DPM (since 1984) and the author of the poetic work: “Black Circle” (1980), on the dramatic works: “Mehmet” (1982), “People and Pigeons” (1984), “Carton box” (1986 ). Lit.: Poets from Macedonia, Skopje, 2002. A. Ag.

Warning (a more cold) – calendar custom from the winter cycle holidays around the new year. Then it was forecasted, but the happiness and progress was initiated in the coming period. It was believed that from the one who will first enter the house, happiness and the progress of the family. If he is happy, he will bring happiness and vice versa. If you first enter a male, male children will be born, but also male offspring of the goods (sheep, cattle, poultry, etc.). It was believed that if the first in the house entered a young and handsome man (boy or girl), they will bring happiness, if he is an old man or grandmother, that he would not be good. Therefore, some families invited some people who were known as happy and hardship first to visit them on the feast. When entering the citizen, he blessed, and the domestic Happened with something mildly, to be a mild year. If the year was barter, the next church “Great Paddy” in the Reka region, Rostushe, Velebrord Korija invited the same intrusion, otherwise they asked another. These customs and beliefs are most often associated with the holidays around the New Year, an anger, Christmas Christmas, Vasilitsa, but in some places, the custom was performed on Varvara, Martinci and other holidays. M. Keith.

Willin ponies (Odon) – Insects with two pairs of wings. They are noticed after the large and well-developed transparent wings with fine mesh non-divisional. Have a long body, moving head and well-developed eyes. Excellent flyers, most active in the sun. Large predators, hunt in flight and fly to eat spoils. Their larvae live in a water environment and feed with aquatic organisms and small fishes. Celebrity are about 4,500 species of this order. Have a wide range of dissemination. 52 Taxona registered in Macedonia. The royal template (Anya Emperor, Lezch) and the bandaging prime pony (Libernola Ljudirahula L.). Lit.: Biljana Karaman, tontribution à la Tnanaaset de la Faune deonas du Lac de Doniran, Year. CB. Bioler., Skopje, 1981, 34: 215223; Gunter Peters, Hans Hatsquethall, notic Uber Die Libelen (Odon) In-Mazedonien, Acta. Mousse. Mac. SCI. Nat., Skopje, 1986, 18 (5): 125-158; Biljana Karaman, Les Othonates du Lac De Prespa (Macrédonine, Zhojlavie) and PARTE: La Tsomposition Ljullati Et L’aalis z zoogégrope de la Fauna, Ann. FAC. SCI. Nat., Biol., Skopje, 1987, 37-37: 97-110. C. T. K. – M. K.

Willin pony, benign. (Libelolulla Ljudiramula L.) – Insect from the order of the Wilnic ponies. There are two pairs of well-developed wings, of which, the rear are slightly wider. Every wing has a small black spot, after which he received the name. Strong wings make a good flight. Is fed by arthropods. It meets across Europe. In Macedonia it can be found around non-defeated waters. Lit.: Biljana Karaman, tontribution à la Tnanaaset de la Faune deonas du Lac de Doniran, Year. CB. BILLED. Skopje, 1981, 34: 215223; Gunter Peters, Hans Hatsquethall, notic Uber Die Libelen (Odon) In-Mazedonien, Acta. Mousse. Mac. SCI. Nat., Skopje, 1986, 18 (5): Bedgravo Vilinian pony 125-158; Biljana Karaman, Les Othonates du Lac De Prespa (SUGOSLIVIVE) and PARTE: La Compososition Ljullati Et L’anasse zooegraphezy de la Faune, Ann. FAC. SCI. Nat., Biol., Skopje, 1987, 37-37: 97-110. C. T. K. – M. Cr.

Winds in Macedonia – The winds in Macedonia are a consequence of the general layout of air pressure. They blow mainly from the northern quadrant, but in separate regions the direction depends on the orographic conditions. The winds at the higher altitudes in Macedonia, the example of MM. Solunska Chapter (2,540 m), Lazaropole (1,332 m) and Krusevo (1,230 m) dominate airflow with the West direction – east, thus the general airflow of the air masses matches the drift of Western winds. Local winds are daily periods and blow from the mountains to the valleys and valleys and vice versa, and the lakes to the mainland and vice versa. The names depend on the direction of blowing and the time of blowing. Strong winds are registered in Macedonia. They occur in places where there is a channel of air currents and above mountain peaks (for example over Solunska Chapter, 2.540 m. Winds at high speed are mainly conditioned by the location and local conditions. They, for example, in Stip, at a speed of 30.1-40.0 m / SECs appeared five times for a period of four years. There are also in Skopje, Bitola, Ohrid, Lazaropole and many other places. Lit.: Mihailo Zikov, Meteorology and Climatology, Skopje, 2000 ; Angel Lazarevski, climate in Macedonia – Windows regime in SR Macedonia, “Geographic reviews”, REC. M. Z. Little Wetrus, a predatory bird of family falcons

Wine cellars – production of alcoholic and non-alcoholic beverages in the Republic of Macedonia. Most economic organizations in which the tradition of wine and brandy continues, and more recently, other non-alcoholic beverages. Natural alcoholic beverages are obtained from sugars or starch-containing fruits and only with fermentation (wine) or fermenting and distillation (brandy and other fierce drinks). The wine, as one of the first products in the history of civilization, and in the Republic of Macedonia has a long tradition. The number of wine cellars is large, as well as the blame assortment. More recently, typically high-quality wines with known geographical origin are produced. The content of alcohol in the wine is typically 10-12%. With the transition and privatizing the wine sector, except for the existing large cellars, there are many new wineries of good quality wine. The greatest and most famous are the cellars in Kavadarci and Tikvesh, in Skopje, Veles, Stip, Gevgelija and others. The export of wine, in addition to the traditional ranking in the countries of the former Yugoslavia, S “is more, in Europe and beyond. Rakia is a technologically accompanied product in part of the wine cellars, but also the product of other distillers. The main raw material for rakia is the grapes or the recipient of wine production, but plums and other fruits are used. With a repeated distillation of the brandy, a cleaner and more concentrated distillate with alcohol used for high-quality fierce drinks. The content of alcohol is from 30 to 50%, typically 40%. With aromatic accessories (resin, seeds), special quality drinks (mastic, analytone) are obtained. Non-alcoholic beverages containing sugar, natural or artificial juices and aromas, carbon dioxide and other additives. More recently, many brands of the world are represented. St. H. J. – S. S.

Winčić, Livista (Kraguevac, Serbia, 27. ⅹ 1930) – archaeologist and conservator. Archeology finished at the Faculty of Philosophy in Belgrade (1959), where he and the Master’s Degree (1980) and defended the doctoral dissertation (1992). He works as a conservator in the Republic Institute for the Protection of Cultural Monuments in Skopje (1961-1995). Participate and manages many protective research and conservation efforts (Stobi, Isar Marvinci, stomaches, etc.). BIB.: Skopje Fortress “Kale”. Position and description, “cultural heritage”, ⅲ, Skopje, 1966, 24-46; 1000 years antiquity in Tikvesh, Negotino, 1996. D. Z. Vis – the headquarters of the military-political leadership of Awnj

Women’s Day (March 8) – Day of the International Solidarity of Women in their Struggle for Emancipation and to change the social status of economic and political equality, established at the Congress of the Second International in Copenhagen (1910). In Macedonia, the first gathering of women who argued about the position of a woman was held in Skopje, at the end of 1907. First celebration of the holiday was registered in Skopje 1920. In the coming years, the markings have a continuous continuity, with a request for full equality between the sexes. C. C. -T.

Woodboards – plate wooden product obtained by blinding massive wooden elements, veneers, wood ideals, wood fibers, wood wool, etc. The blindness of the elements in the plates is done with organic or inorganic binding agent (adhesive). Depending on the construction and used materials, wood plates are used in furniture production, in the manufacture of interiors and construction carpentry, in construction, for packaging, automotive industry and special needs. According to the structure, they are divided into the following groups: veneer plates; Special veneer plates; carpentry plates; plates from wooden echoes; plates of oriented wood ideals; plates of wood fibers; plates of wood wool; single-layer and multilayer plates of massive wood; and layered (sandwich) plates. B. Il.

Wood species for processing in the Republic of Macedonia. The forest fund is composed of forest wood species, grouped into two basic groups: coniferous and leaves. The group of coniferous species comprise: domestic (autochthonous) and introduced (alochthonous) species. In the group of domestic coniferous species of economic significance, the Black Pine, White Pine, the fir and spruce, while in the group of introduced coniferous species, The group of domestic leaf types consists of the following more important economic species: the mesisal beech, oak gorun, oak flat, walnut, acacia, the yase, javor, chestnut, gauber, evil, poplar and the future. This group includes cherry and pear, as significant fruit species. B. Il.

Worker-educational company “class awareness” (Bitola, 1909) – Company established on the initiative of Vasil Glavinov and Nikola Petrov Rusinski for spreading socialist propaganda and forming new labor societies. He advocated democratization of the Ottoman Empire, for protection of workers and election rights. Lit.: Workers’ and communist movement in Macedonia, Skopje, 1970. O. Iv.

Workers’ Education Company “Class Unity” (Veles, September 1908) – Association of Teachers and Craftsmen. It was advocated for adopting social labor protection legislation. He condemned the external propaganda acting for the dissolution of the masses and young Turks. Lit.: Workers’ and communist movement in Macedonia, Skopje, 1970. O. Iv.

Rabotnic universities – Educational institutions for systematic education of adults. Their formation (fifties of ⅹⅹ c.) Was primarily conditioned by the need for working people and citizens to receive general and expert knowledge, in an organized and systematic manner, for the successful performance of the production and self-governing tasks. The first workers’ universities are formed in 1953. (Skopje, Stip, Prilep, Gostivar and Strumica). In 1965 Already work 28 such institutions almost in all city centers. Until the adoption of the General Law on Schooldom (1958), workers’ universities are treated as trade union organizations, then within the competence of municipal assemblies, to be transformed into self-governing work organizations. As Andragogical institutions with a polyvalent function, they developed the activity of the areas of primary, general and vocational education, the Marxist, social and political education, education for the general defense and social self-protection, as well as in the field of cultural and artistic, informative and the publishing activity. They practiced flexible Fort of work: lectures, cycles lectures, seminars, courses, centers for further qualification and retraining, evening political schools, self-managers, tribunes, literary meetings, concerts, exhibitions, etc. Workers’ universities played a significant role in raising the educational and cultural level of adults. In modern conditions, the activity is mainly focused on information education, studying foreign languages ​​and organizing occupational courses. More labor universities (Skopje, Bitola, Ohrid, Veles, Kumanovo, Tetovo, Stip, Strumica, Kavadarci, Gostivar, Negotino, Kicevo, Probistip) work. One of the most officials “Koco Racin” in Skopje. Lit.: K. Cambera, from primer to university, Skopje, 1994. K. Camb.