Ecosystems in Macedonia. Due to the various climate-vegetation soil areas of the mainland in the Republic of Macedonia, many types of terrestrial and guided ecosystems, represented nomice, marketing, financial ecosystems in Macedonia, Karadica with natural lakes differ. From the aquatic ecosystems, the most important is the ecosystem of the Ohrid Lake, which is after its productivity falls into oligotrophic ecosystems, unlike Prespa Lake, which is a micotrophenic water ecosystem. Under the strong anthropogenic influence, it increases the trophy of its waters and in certain periods, especially in the summer period, it passes in a Eurohen water ecosystem. Dojran Lake is a natural water eutrophene ecosystem, which was with the highest productivity in Europe. Anthropogenic influences contributed its productivity to be reduced. Land ecosystems are different in size. It has large and small ecosystems. Land ecosystems in Macedonia are developed in 7 vertical zones with climazonal forest communities (T. Nikolovski 1965; Hans EM 1970, 1974; S. Dekov Et all 1983; 1987, R. Rizovski 1989, 1993). In the sub-Mediterranean area, the ecosystem of the oak prenar and white gaber is developed (TSCCIFERIFERI-TSARPUNTOM Orientalis Overlord. EMEND HT). It develops in Gevgelija, Valandovo to Demir Kapija, then in Dojran and southwestern part of the Strumica. It develops at a small altitude of 40 to 500 m. In the continental-sub-Mediterranean, the ecosystem of the oak Blagoon and Bela Gaber is developed. In the republic, it develops on large areas in the central and north, less of the eastern and at least in the west, in the eastern coast of Ohrid Lake and in the lowest parts besides the re-brands of Black Drim and Radika. This area includes: Povardarie, Demir Kapija, Tikvesh, Veles and Skopska valley, the valley around the Pchinja River, the lower course of Crna Reka, until the entrance to Pelagonia, around the river Bregalnica, Ovchepolica, Stip, Kocani and Kucanskalech, part of Zletovo, around River Strumennica, Radovish and Strumica and River Treska to Makedonski Brod from the render. In the sub-Mediterranean warm continental area, refugia fitocenoses have been found with many relic and endemic species. The hotchainental area develops the ecosystem of the flat-core oak ecosystem (leuertum Fraineto -erris Macydonic Overlord. EMEND HT). Most of this ecosystem is located in Western Macedonia: Polog, Kicevo, Debar, Belchisko, Seat, Struga, Ohrid, Prespa and Pelagonia valley. A small part occurs in Krivopalanko, Kratovo and Delcevska valley. It develops at an altitude of 400 to 850 m. The cold continental area covers the ecosystem of the oak of GO-RUN (Orno-Luertum Petrahea). It covers a belt of 200 m, taking over the altitude of 900 to 1,100 m, just above the framework of the Plusus and CE. He is the last belt from the oak region, which is developed on a silicate substrate. The manufacturing continental mountainous region develops the ecosystem of the preparation of beech forest (Festure Heteropchulae – Fagetum EM). It develops as a belt after all Macedonian mountains, at an altitude of 1,100 to 1,300 m. It covers a wide zone and covers large surfaces. It is also the largest wood mass, and the ecosystem in vegetation is developed without a dry period. The conditions are subhumidic, favorable for the development of beech and the beech ecosystems. They are climax and mesophilic. The Gorkocontental mountainous area in Macedonia inhabits the ecosystem of Gorna Bukova Shu-Ma (Casalamanto Grandiflorae – Fagetum EM). It develops in all parts of the Republic of Macedonia, above the zone of the Podgorary Base in a wide belt of 1,300 to 1,650 m above sea level, on the substrate of compact silicate and carbonate walls. In this ecosystem dominates the beech, preventing the development of other trees. That’s why the fir progresses progress. In the top belt, the Bukovo-El Idosystem (abyedum Macedonic EM) is also encountered, in Mavrovo, Mount Nijah, high knocks of Kozuf, Galichica and Bistra, Jakupica and Pelister. The ecosystem of Clean Shu-me (Fago – Abi etretom Meredionale EM) is extremely acidophil. The subalpine mountainous area is the highest belt of forest vegetation and inhabit the ecosystem of (Fagetum Subalpinum Caçardo – Pinditum (HT Tork) EM). This ecosystem develops on all mountains in Macedonia, higher than 1,650 m above sea level. He is a continuation of the Gorse Board belt, but differs in his height and deformities due to unfavorable climatic conditions. In this area is the ecosystem of the prayers forests with blueberries (MStrilo – Pinetum Peucis Subalpinum EM). It develops on a silicate substrate of rocky soils on Mount Pelister. From the ecosystem of the mucics (Pinion HT), only traces on the massif of Galicica on a limestone substrate. The ecosystem of subalpic junction forests (piceum Subalpinum SCARDCUM) occurs on small surfaces (on Shar Planina), develops at 1,700-2,000 m above sea level, as clean forests or in the community with the fir. The ecosystem of the Kruvilj (Pinetum MachathS Machadonic (HT) em develops the highest scientific council of the Institute of Biology, Skopje part of the subalpine belt of mountain Jakupica and small remains of Shar Planina up to 2,500 m above sea level. It develops on a silicate and carbonate substrate , which is why he appears in two variants (silicotolum EM and Caccitzonum EM). In the Alpine mountainous area, high-mountain climazonal grassy ecosystems of the mountains: Kozuf, Nijah, Baba with Pelister, Deshhat, Korab, Shar Planina and Jakupica are developed. Develops the ecosystem of the sails – Helianthhany Alpastis HT in shallow soils, and the deeper soil ecosystem of the trifolium denotum and sails – ELICTUM HT. On the silicate substrate, the ecosystem of the Dialshus SCARS – Fencatus (Hellers) HT is developed, and the ridge with a strong blow The winds ecosystem Lino – Streetum Ht. Lj. gr.
Original article in Macedonian language Cyrillic alphabet
Кириличен напис ЕКОСИСТЕМИ ВО МАКЕДОНИЈА