Ohrid – City in the southwestern part of the Republic of Macedonia, with 42,033 h. (2002). It is located on the northeast coast of Ohrid Lake and the hill Plaosnik, at an altitude between 696 and 797 m. It covers an area of 1,230 ha. It has a moderate concentrental climate with an average annual air temperature of 11.2 ° C and average annual amount of precipitation of 690 mm. With Skopje (through Kicevo, Gostivar and Tetovo) is connected to the M-4, Veles main road (through Resen, Bitola and Prilep) with the main road M-5. From the city to the border with Albania lead two roads: the one-entrance port of the Ohrid Fortress (ⅺ c.) Through Struga and crossing Ata San and the other past the east coast of Ohrid Lake and the St. Naum. The northwest of the city in the Struga Field is the International Ohrid Airport “Apostle Paul”, which connects the city and the Ohrid region with several European cities. Ohrid belongs to the group of the oldest cities in Macedonia. Even in ancient times there existed a city settlement. In ⅲ c. PR. AD It is mentioned under the name Lychnida. The current name was given by the Slavs, and it means “in Christ” or “from Christ.” In the second half of ⅸ c., As a result of the missionary activity of Clement and Naum Ohridski, the city grew in the most developed cultural and educational and ecclesiastical center of Macedonia. At the time of the reign of Tsar Samuel Ohrid, his capital and headquarters of the Ohrid Archbishopric. In ⅺ c. The city was already complexly formed, so it consisted of two territorially coupled works: the fortress, which was an internal city (Acropolis) and suburban external city. At the beginning of Turkish governance and throughout ⅹⅴⅰ c. Ohrid was the seat of Sandzak and the main church center. Accelerated development experiences in the middle of ⅹⅰⅹ c. A. Buy states that then the city had 6,000 h. with 250 shops. Well, the leather and the corner craft, as well as fishing. After the Balkan wars with the eviction of the Turks, the population decreased, and the city and functionally weakened. Significant Prosperity Ohrid is experiencing during the second half of the last century. Its population of 12,640 h. In 1953 increases on 42,033 h. In 2002 Of these, Macedonians were 33,791 h., Albanians 2,959 h., Turks 2.256 h., Vlachs 308 h., Serbs 331 h. And Bosniaks 69 h. The seat is on the municipality, which covers an area of 38,993 ha, there are 29 settlements with 55,749 h. Today Ohrid is the most developed and most attractive tourist place in the country, with more modern hotels, restaurants, autocamps and beds in private households. The rich natural and cultural heritage allowed Ohrid to be declared a city of UNESCO (1980). Ohrid Lake is considered a museum of live fossils. The cultural stratigraphy of the city is remarkably rich in archaeological monuments, such as: Ohrid Fortress, Antique Theater, Tombs, Basilics and Baptistery with sumptuous mosaic ensembles and decorative stone plastic. Here are more important cultural and historical monuments such as: The Church “St. Sofia’s Ohrid’s Ohrid, Cathedral – City of UNESCO Temple of the Ohrid Archbishopric, built and aligned in the first decades of ⅺ c., Then “St. Panteleimon “on Plaoshnik with the grave of St. Clement, the monastery “St. Naum “with the grave of St. Naum on the southern coast of Lake Ohrid, churches: “St. Virgin Periblepta “(” St. Clement “),” St. John Kaneo, “” St. Nicholas Hospital, “” St. The Virgin Hospital, “” St. The Virgin Chelica, “” St. Virgin Zahumska, “the cave churches” St. Erasmus “and” St. Stephen “etc. The city has developed several industrial branches such as: electrotechnical, automotive, textile, plastic mass industry, etc. Oh-hill hosts the Balkan Folklore Festival and the International Manifestation “Ohrid Summer”. In Ohrid there is a National Museum, a Museum of Slavic Literacy, a museum of icons, home of culture, health center, gymnasium, secondary technical school and faculty of tourism and catering. LIT. : I. Snarbar, cityí Ohridí. Macedonian Review, REC. And, Sofia 1928; Atanasije Urosevi ¢, Ohrid, a special edition of the Faculty of Philozop in Skopje, REC. 8. Skopje 1957; Census of the population, households and apartments in the Republic of Macedonia, 2002 – REC. J, DSH, Skopje 2004. Al. ST.
Original article in Macedonian language Cyrillic alphabet
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