Modernization of the industry – modernization of the industry as an activity (sector) is crucial in the economy. The transition process in the Republic of Macedonia imposed the need for a new development cycle, which will revive and reconstruct the industry. This need is followed by its production and property restructuring and reflected in the introduction of new technique and technology, but also modern forms of management and marketing. In fact, one of the most important tasks, in addition to overcoming the unfavorable production structure, is raising the degree of technical and technological development of the industry to achieve a higher degree of competitiveness. Usually, the modernization of the industry is an objective process that starts after the emergence and after a certain period of development of the industry. Under normal conditions of development, industry modernization is realized as technical and organizational. Technical modernization depends on the level of scientific and technical progress at the given moment, and basically it consists of introducing new technique and technology, replacing the old with new equipment and new technological procedures. From the aspect of the energy plant, modernization ever consisted in the introduction of electricity and fuel oil instead of coal, and in the Republic of Macedonia today it is the introduction of the gas. The capacity optimization, ie the achievement of the volume of production with the lowest cost-product costs, is also part of the technical modernization. Organizational modernization implies introducing new forms of production organization. In the Macedonian industry, in addition to improving the internal organization of production, this modernization is expressed, above all, through the introduction of modern forms of management and marketing, as well as the application of contemporary informatics and telecommunications in the management of firms. From a historical point of view, the merger process can be located somewhere in the mid-1960s. In the context of the economic reform of 1965 (within the former system), after two decades of industrial development, it was estimated that instead of building new industrial capacities, a process of reconstruction and modernization of already built industrial facilities should begin. In the Republic of Macedonia, due to the insufficient construction of the industry, then the conditions for its modernization were not yet matured, so the construction process of new, alongside the reconstruction of the existing capacities. After starting the transition, the modernization of the industry in the Republic of Macedonia took place in many unfavorable conditions. In addition to other reasons, the need for restructuring of the industry appeared. In conditions of introducing a new economic system, its restructuring is a wider process than the usual building of a new industrial structure, and besides its own, it also includes the management, technical and technological restructuring. Lit.: Nikola Uzunov, Angel Georgiev, Pece Nedanovski, Applied Economics, Skopje, 2003; National Strategy for the Economic Development of the Republic of Macedonia – Development and Modernization, MANU, Skopje, 1997; Faculty of Economics – Skopje, Economics Institute – Skopje, Faculty of Law – Skopje, Faculty of Economics – Prilep, Macroproject: The economic development of SR Macedonia in the period 1991-1995 (restructuring of the economy) – Sunday study, Skopje, 1990. P. N.
Original article in Macedonian language Cyrillic alphabet
Кириличен напис МОДЕРНИЗАЦИЈА НА ИНДУСТРИЈАТА