BITOLA

Bitola – city in the western part of the Republic of Macedonia, with 74,550 h. (2002). It is located at the transition from the eastern foot of PL. Pelister and Pelagonija valley, on both sides of the r. Dragor. It covers an area of ​​2,245 ha. Throughout the city, the main road Ohrid-Bitola-Prilep (M-5) and the railway, which from Veles, through Prilep and Bitola, leads for Lerin and Thessaloniki in Greece. Bitola has a moderate-continental climate with an average annual temperature of 11.4 ° C, and an annual quantity of precipitation of 600 mm. S “Until the migration of the Slavs in Pelagonia in the immediate vicinity, south of Bitola, the ancient city of Bitola, Topographic card Heraclea – Linkestis. The current city founded the Slavs and gave the Slavic name Obi-Tel – Bitola, which means a habitat or a place with more monasteries. The city under the current name is first mentioned in 1014, at the time of Samuil rule, as the seat of the bishopric. Throughout the Middle Ages, especially in ⅹⅰⅰⅰ and ⅹⅳ c. Bitola became an important shopping center in Pelagonia. Toward the end of ⅹⅳ c. (1382) The city took the Turks. In the middle of ⅹⅴ c. He became an important economic and cultural center of European Turkey and the headquarters of the Bitola Nichia in which there were 150 settlements. The famous roadbook Evliya Celebija visited Bitola in 1662. And he noticed that “the city has about 3,000 small and large houses on the ground floor and floor, grouped in 21 neighborhood, bazaar with 900 stores and bezisten.” At the beginning of ⅹⅰⅹ c., After the migration of a significant number of Vlachs from the burnt town of Moskopole, crafts and trade strongly developed in Bitola. In 1835 The city had the eye-bitola market in ⅹⅰⅹ century The number of craft stores reached over 2,000 with about 140 species of crafts, organized in 70 guild organizations. Vidised contribution to the development of the city also provided diplomatic missions and consulates of several foreign countries. It led Bitola to become a “city of the consuls”, but also the arena of foreign propaganda. For the promotion of trade and for raising the first industrial buildings, the construction of the railway line Thessaloniki – Bitola (1894) was of particular importance. In the period between the two world wars Bitola becomes a border city and lost gravitational areas towards Greece and Albania. However, during this period the city first starts planning to be built according to separate urban plans. The fastest development experiences in the second half of ⅹⅹ c. Then, from 31,761 h. In 1948, the count of the population in 1991. increases to 84,002 h. In the following years, the population begins to decline, a strong wave of eviction is present, mainly in overseas countries. In 2002 In the city there are 74,550 h. Of these, 66,038 h. Or 88.6% are Macedonians, 2,360 h. Albanians, 1.562 h. Turks, 2,577 h. Roma, 997 h. Vlachs, 499 h. Serbs, 20 h. Bosniaks and 497 h. pleaded as “others”. Bitola is the seat of the municipality, which covers an area of ​​78,795 ha, there are 66 settlements with 95,385 h. In the city there are factories from the textile, leather, food, machinery, electrical industry, the graphics industry, etc. After Skopje, B. is the largest administrative-political, cultural and educational and health center in the Republic of Macedonia. And today 7 foreign countries (Turkey, Great Britain, France, Greece, Slovenia, Romania and Croatia) have their own consular missions. In the field of education, there are 22 parties, 10 eight-year schools and 7 schools for secondary education. In 1979 The University “St. University was founded. Kliment Ohridski “who today consists of 11 higher education teaching and scientific institutions from the southwestern part of the Republic of Macedonia. In the city there is a home of culture, home and university library, theater and cinema, historical archive, Institute for the Protection of Cultural Monuments, Natural Rarities, Museum and Gallery, Seismology Station, Zoo and more associations with cultural and artistic and educational function. The network of health facilities is well developed. In 1966 The Medical Center “Dr. Trifun Panovski” was formed with 14 specialist departments, and there are more private health clinics and ambulances. Bitola is rich in monuments of the past, such as: the ancient city of Heraclea, the Church “St. Dimitrija, “Aydar-Kadir Mosque, Isaac Celebi Mosque, Yen Mosque, Bezisten, Dabon, Dungeon-Tower, City Clock, Bitola Bazaar, etc. Lit.: Nikola Dimitrov, Bitola Urbanogenographic Development, Dnub, Bitola 1998; Bitola – Monograph, Bitola 1986. Al. ST. Lu 40,000 h. In the middle of ⅹⅰⅹ c. “Wide Sokak”, Bitola


Original article in Macedonian language Cyrillic alphabet
Кириличен напис БИТОЛА

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