Forestry. Forests in the Republic of Macedonia occupy more than a third of the total territory. But Shu-mites were destroyed since former historical periods. The main ways of destruction or irrational use were: cutting, in order to obtain arable land, especially when Macedonia was in the Ottoman Empire, obtaining pastures for the size of the numerous livestock, goats (storage of spheres of goats), cutting for firewood, for production of coal and tar and carelessness for maintenance and afforestation. So before the Second World War, the forests were devastated. The appearance of irrational use, excessive and illegal cutting of the forest was in the entire post-war period, and especially in the last decades of XX and at the beginning of this century. Forests in the Republic of Macedonia occupy an area of 905,653 ha, or 35.2% of the total territory of the Republic (according to the 1979 census). In the period from 1979 to 1996 Another 110,000 ha is forced, but the results of afforestation are not everywhere successful or entirely unsuccessful. About 827,000 ha of forests are in the public sector, and 125,872 ha in the private. Forests are located on the whole territory of Macedonia, but still widespread on the outskirts, and most in western Macedonia or along the borders with neighboring countries. The central part – Valley of Vardar, Ovce Pole and Pelagonia – is deforious. The majority of the Macedonian shirts are low, so they are not favorable for exploitation. High, i.e. The highest quality forests, which are the source of raw materials for the manufacturing industry and serve as alimental areas, are deployed in the high mountains (over 700 m) and are quite distant from the larger settlements. The situation in forestry is unsatisfactory with regard to the forest fund, the exploitation of the current and other wood products and the use of equipment. The wood mass is insignificant 3 (82.1 m / ha), the annual growth is 3 small 2.02 m / ha (normally it is 7-8). The participation of conifers is low (5.9% in clean and 1.9% forestry faculty, Skopje in mixed plantations). From the increase in the present, 78.25% were intended for cutting. Only 75%, which means only 58% of total annual growth is used. The equipment of forestry with mechanization (trucks, tractors, motor saws) manifest a significant decline in the period 1989-1996. The mean annual rate growth of the social product in forestry is 5.6% (period 1953-1988), which coincides with the mean growth rate for the entire economy. The situation with the wood industry, which covered two branches: buffet lumber and plates and final wood products, is also unsatisfactory. The capacities of the sawmills built in the past were used below 60%, and the newly built only 20%. The industry of final wood products developed since the sixties of the last century on the seventies became quite significant for consumption for the very area of Macedonia, but in the eighties and it entered the general crisis. Transmission of the smashed trees.: Statistical Yearbook of the Republic of Macedonia, State Statistical Office, for the respective years. Lit.: Todor Mirovski, the economy of Vardar Macedonia between the two world wars, MANU, Skopje, 1998; Nikola Uzunov, the economy of the Republic of Macedonia 1945-1990, MANU, Skopje, 2001; National Strategy for the Economic Development of the Republic of Macedonia, MANU, Skopje, 1997. D. N.
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