Kokino – complex prehistoric archaeological site (2000 BC) on the territory of the municipality of Staro Nagorichane, Kumanovo. It covers most of the non-irrevised hill Taticwe Kamen, in whose foot is located. Kokino. Archaeological research, started in 2001, discovered numerous archaeological artifacts belonging to the so-called. Bronze time. Early findings (ⅹⅰⅹ-ⅹⅴⅰⅰ c. BCE). The latest archaeological research revealed traces of the settlement from the so-called. Iron time (ⅶ c. BC) on the south slope of the site, which confirms its use in a time span of over 1200 years. Some topographic characteristics of the site (high visibility from the highest part of the hill, to which it is reached through a slightly inclined access road from the southeast side), as well as a multitude of archaeological findings found in structures with a randite character, confirm its use as “Sveta Mountain”. One of the rituals, probably tied to fertility and great Bogin-findings from Kokino: Ka-Mother, performed in such a way that in natural cesets in the walls were deposited, probably filled with fruits, which were then poured with land and stone. The other rite referred to the sacred merger of the heavenly deity of the Sun with the great boggun mother, personified as a rocky mountain peak and was performed in the middle of summer (July 30th). At that day, the rays of the morning sun, which appeared behind the ritual marker of the highest part of the site, passed through the artificial cut trench for twenty meters below the marker and illuminated only one of the participants in the ceremony, which sat on one of the few stone seats of the lower (Western ) platform on the site. Both rituals were aimed at providing greater gender and cyclical renewal of nature. The megalith observatory is one of the most interesting content of this complex site. It is mooded below the very top of the hill, with dimensions of 100 m in the East-West direction and 50 m in the north-south direction. Observed in the third dimension, the content of the observatory is deployed on two platforms: East and West, of which East is 20 m higher than western. In that space of the Andesite rocks, the ancient inhabitants observed the celestial bodies, before the SN ° Sun and the Moon and marked the places of the rising of the visible horizon. On the west side, observation places were built, and on the higher the eastern side, in the rocks, they formed markers to mark the places of sunrise of the sun and the moon in precisely certain days of the year. In this way, with long-term and dedicated information collection, they realized the periodicity in the movement of the sun and the moon and were able to develop and use a lunar calendar. They managed to recognize the eclipse cycles and the moon and could have predicted, which probably had great importance in building a play for the world and the organization of the religious life of the then community. The precisely defined age of the observatory, the homogeneity of the structure, the manner of construction and the proven purpose, contributed to be ranked fourth on the list of old observatories in the world published by the US Space Agency NASA (2005). Stone ax, late bronze cyhar, wound bronze bowl, middle bronze cup, wound bronze (ⅹⅳ-xi c. BC) (ⅹⅰⅹ-ⅹⅴⅰⅰ c. BC) (ⅹⅴⅰⅰ-ⅹⅳ c. .E.) (ⅹⅰⅹ-ⅹⅴⅰⅰ c. the eastern horizon. Three of the markers are intended to mark the sun rising places on the day of summer long-range, the day of the winter shortfection and the day of the spring and autumn equinox. Through the measurement of the position of the sun rising marker, the age of the observatory is established. The other 6 markers marked the places of rising of the full moon, two of which marked summer time denoted the days when it has the maximum and minimum value of the declination, and the other two in the winter marked the days when it had a minimum and maximum value of the declination. The other two markers served for the determination of the length of the lunar month of 30 days of summer time and 29 days of winter time. Through observations from the central position, a lunar calendar with a period of 19 lunar years was made. The entire cycle contained 12 ordinary lunar years with 12 lunar months (6 winter of 29 days and 6 summer of 30 days), and 7 years were involved and contained 13 lunar months, with the added lunar month, had a length of 30 days. In science, this cycle is known as a metal cycle, which was set by the Athens Filosopher Meton (423 BC) and in the ancient period was very popular. Studies have shown that at least 1500 years before Meton this cycle were known to ancient Kokino observers, which measured in a simple way, and markers permanently marked it in the rocks of the eastern horizon. The second of importance is the position of monitoring the eclipse cycles and the moon. In astronomy, the fact that, viewed from the Archaeological probe of Kokino, the same geographer, the eclipse cycles and the moon are repeated every 54 years and 34 days. On the eastern horizon, 4 markers were discovered, which are seen only by one, especially processed place on the west side, next to the prestine. From this place for observation observers in the sky, the places of the eastern horizon, showing the place of rising of the full moon, exactly on the day when the new eclipse cycle and 34 days occur. Measurements and mathematical analyzes showed that the oldest marker originated from 1917. BC which means that the construction and functioning of the observatory began at least in ⅹⅹ c. BC In 2008, the Cultural Heritage Protection Office put the site under temporary protection as a cultural area of Kokino. Lit.: Jovica Stankovski, Taticw Kamen – Magalite Observatory and Sanctuary, “Museum Messenger” no. 7-9, Kumanovo, 2002; Gyore Cenev, megalithic observatory in Kokino, in the course of place; Jovica Stankovski, three megalithic monuments in the Kumanovo region, Pirayah, Tom 2, Proceedings of the National Museum Kumanovo, Kumanovo, 2003; Gyorov, Arzhaeo-Astronics Analzon UN Kokino All, PROSPECTINGS OF TEPHE TEPTER OF SEAC (European Societ for astronomer in tsuluur), Ketskemet, 2004; The same, Arzhaeosstronomic Interpretment of Kokino, PROCESDINGS OF THE INTERNATIAL CONERTIC “TEMA Arzhaeologist Off News Megalithmic Tsulubes”, Suzhe Sesusion: Euro Meditaranean megalithmic Tsulubes, 5000-1300 BC, Rodeoas, 2004; Gyore Cenev – Jovica Stankovski, Kokino Aniel Observatory Catalog, Di “Tumba” – Kumanovo, Mid – Skopje, Kumanovo, 2005; NASA – GSSFC, Anic Observatory Timeles Knonklege – Poster, Sun Earth Dats 2005, HTTP: //Sunarchd.Name.Gov/2005/Magges/Ao_Pooster.PDF; Gyore Cenev, megalithmic Observatory Kokino, Percycings of Teke ⅹⅳ Vational Conference Off Astronomers Oh serbia and Montenegro, Belgrade, 2006; Gyorev, Jovica Stankovski, Kokino – Holts Muntaine and An Indea Overnity Overnity, “Macedonian Affairs” ⅵ, 1: Tossural Heritage: A Bridge Tonydts, Shared Furuur, MIC, Skopje, 2007; Gyorev, Arzhaeo-Astronics Chararacitzs Off TePhy Kokino Arzhaeologic All, astrophers emptic, the Institute of Astronomy AT Bulgarian Azadehas of the context, but. 9, Sofia, 2007; Jovica Stankovski, Kokino Fortress of the Sun, Catalog, Nu Museum Kumanovo, Kumanovo, 2007; The same, the singer sanctuary Taticev Kamen is Tekhony of Kokino and Tno of ITS Tsultes, “Tourtia”, ⅹⅴⅰⅰ, the Istitu of Tepructologist, Sofia, 2007; Gyorov Cenev, Kokino Cure, Percycings of TePhe International Conference “Stickging Zaturch Centuries”, Belgrade, 2008. F. Cen. – J. S.
Original article in Macedonian language Cyrillic alphabet
Кириличен напис КОКИНО