Cashings of money in Macedonia (monetaries, Darbhani, tarpani) – are also known in the ancient period and later in the Middle Ages. They were closely related to the exploitation of ore treasures and the processing of precious metals (gold, silver and copper). With the coming of Turks, Ottomans in the Balkans and Macedonia were again activated in: Serez, Kavala, Thessaloniki, Kratovo, Siderocapse, Skopje, Ohrid and for a short period of Resen, Kocani and Bitola. From the activities of the municipality, the main factors in the Ottoman Empire, which concerned the state and the imperial treasury (han), through which the conquering campaigns were financed during the spread of the Islamic State. The basins were associated with the provision of lending loans to state and imperial income (hassons) from mines, solanets, Barutani, armornies, dalanchins (fisheries), butts, etc., through the Malthian and Mucka system (lease); The collection of various military and civilian taxes and fees from agriculture, livestock, trade, fairs and markets, village and city population; The activity of the sarafts (money gearboxes), the lichbars (greenhouses), large merchants (Biostres), guild organizations (crates and lonji), kuunjas and goldsmiths. The core of the coins were regulated by imperial laws (Kanuni), orders (Fermani, Berati), statutes and regulations, especially against the counterfeit coins, who were most severe punitive. In the preparation of the coins, the measuring unit of mycal = 1.1 / 2 drama = 24 carats = 4,618, or one gram weighed 0.19. Copper, silver and gold coins have been cooked. The most of the silver joys in ⅹⅴ-ⅹⅴⅰ c., Which were small, had irregular shape and different value, diameter and weight; With Arab inscription on the name of the sultan, place and year of cutting and a blessing of religious significance. In Macedonia coins for the following Sultans: Mehmed ⅰ Celebi: Silver (Serez), 1419-1421; Mustafa Celebi: Silver (Serez); Murad ⅱ: Silver (Serez, Skopje); copper (Serez); Mehmed ⅱ “Fatih” (“Conqueror”): Silver (Serez, Skopje); Copper (Serez), 1481-1512; Bajazid ⅱ: Golden (Serez, Kratovo); Silver (Serez, Skopje, Kratovo, Thessaloniki); Copper (Skopje, Kratovo), 1512-1520; Selim and: Golden (Serez); Silver (Serez, Skopje, Kratovo) 1520- 1566; Suleiman and “Kanuni” (“Legislator”): Golden (Serez, Kratovo, Siderocapsa, Thessaloniki, Kocani); Silver (Serez, Skopje, Kratovo, Siderocapse, Thessaloniki, Kocani); copper (Serez), 1566-1574; Selim ⅱ: Golden (Serez, Kratovo, Siderocapse, Kocani); Silver (Serez, Skopje, Kratovo, Siderocapse, Thessaloniki, Kocani, Ohrid), 1574-1595; Murad ⅲ: golden (Serez, Kratovo, Siderocapse, Kocani); Silver (Serez, Skopje, Kratovo, Siderocapse, Thessaloniki, Kocani, Oh-Reed); Mehmed ⅲ: Golden (Serez); Silver (Skopje, Kratovo, Siderocapse, Thessaloniki, Ohrid), 1603-1617; Ahmed and: Golden (Siderocapsa); Silver (Serez, Skopje, Kratovo, Ohrid), 1617-1618; Mustafa and: Silver (Ohrid), 1618-1622; Osman ⅱ: Golden (Serez, Kratovo, Siderocapsa); Silver (Serez, Skopje, Kratovo, Siderocapse, Thessaloniki, Ohrid), 1622-1640; Murad ⅳ: golden (Serez); Silver (Serez, Skopje, Kratovo, Siderocapse, Thessaloniki, Ohrid), 1648- 1687; Mehmed ⅳ “Avi”: Silver (Skopje), 1687-1691; Suleiman ⅱ: Golden (Kratovo); Silver (Kratovo), 1909-1918; Mehmed Chest: Golden (Thessaloniki, Bitola) Lit.: D. A. Ihchiev, Materials for the monetary work in the Turkia, the report of the historical friendship in Sofia, REC. Ⅲ, Sofia, 1911, 100-154; N. Pere, Otmanlarda Malard Pararda, Istanbul, 1968, 71, 80, 84-85, 90-91, 100, 105-106, 111-114, 121-122, 127, 129, 136, 153, 159; S. Srichkovic, Ottoman Novots Kovan of Thulu Yugoslavia, Belgrade, 1987, 54, 65-66, 68, 70-75, 78, 81, 84-85, 92, 96, 98, 101, 103, 106, 108, 108, 113, 113 -114, 116-119, 121-123, 127-129, 133, 135, 140, 146-147, 149, 152, 158-159, 166, 172, 184, 184, 188-189. J. Yan. Masard Codra.
Original article in Macedonian language Cyrillic alphabet
Кириличен напис КОВНИЦИ НА ПАРИ ВО МАКЕДОНИЈА